why is miss marie called the maginot line

This points toward a source of Pecola's suffering: she cannot see herself, because she is invisible to so many. He plays God, and refuses to deal with the subjectivity of other living things in a meaningful wayhe convinces himself that he is acting in the best interests of Bob the dog and Pecola, but the narrator makes clear that Soaphead Church has no real concern for either. Andr Maginot finally convinced the government to invest in the scheme. A middle-class Black woman who, though she keeps house flawlessly and diligently cares for the physical appearances of herself and her family (including her husband, Louis, and her son, Junior), is essentially cold. The third person narrator points out that for the cavity to have grown, the conditions for it to fester must have been in placea clear metaphor for the social forces that have trapped Pauline in a hard and joyless life. However, after France had failed to counter the German remilitarisation of the Rhineland, Belgiumthinking that France was not a reliable allyabrogated the treaty in 1936 and declared neutrality. She lies in an empty lot ruminating and then heads home. At fifteen, she meets Cholly; they marry and move far up to the North. The boldest and most pivotal German line of attack ran through the dense Ardennes Forest in Belgium, which both the French and the other Allies had dismissed as impassable. When she speaks to Pecola and her friends, her voice is like rotten pieces of apple, but when she speaks to the white girl, her voice is like honey. After an afternoon of relaxing in a field, splitting milkweed stems. French strategy, therefore, envisioned a move into Belgium to counter a German assault. Because she is closer to adolescence, Frieda is more vulnerable to her communitys equation of whiteness with beauty. [55] It was also frequently referenced in wartime films, notably Thunder Rock, The Major and the Minor (albeit as a comedic metaphor) and Passage to Marseille. "The Maginot Line was meant to stop a World War I-style attack of infantry and artillery, and it did what it was supposed to do," says Kirchubel, who's written multiple books on World War II military campaigns. Frieda and Claudia decide to ask Pecola to get whisky from her father in order to keep Frieda from getting fat. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. A rapid advance through the forest and across the River Meuse encircled much of the Allied forces, resulting in a sizeable force having to be evacuated at Dunkirk leaving the troops to the south unable to mount an effective resistance to the German invasion of France.[3]. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. The design of the casemates is similar to the ones found in the southern part of the Maginot Line, and photographs of them are often confused with Maginot forts. on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% Instead of worrying that her own daughter has been burned by the hot berries, she pushes Pecola down into the pie juice. Check out the Hackenberg Maginot Fort, now a military museum offering tours, and the Schoenenbourg Fort. Her desire to disavow her daughter is proved when the white girl asks who the black children were and Mrs. Breedlove avoids answering her. The French had been building state-of-the-art fortresses and fortified cities along the German border for centuries. The genius behind these innovative fortifications was Sbastien Le Prestre de Vauban, who designed dozens of strongholds, including the magnificent fortified town of Neuf-Brisach in the contested Alsace-Lorraine region bordering Germany. Narrow Gauge Railway System: A network of 600mm (.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}1ft11+58in) narrow gauge railways was built to rearm and resupply the main fortresses (ouvrages) from supply depots up to 50km (31mi) away. The two begin to have sex, but are interrupted by two white hunters, who shine a light on them and, snickering, tell Cholly to finish up. In her distress, Mrs. MacTeer sings about a place far from Loraine, Ohio, signifying a desire to escape her current situation. [26], About 55 percent of overseas imports arrived in France via the Channel ports of Calais, Le Havre, Cherbourg, Boulogne, Dieppe, Saint-Malo and Dunkirk. Fortress construction in France continued through the 19th century. The moment where she loses her tooth in the movie theatre is painful: juxtaposing Pauline as an awkward, gap-toothed, pregnant black woman to the idealized (and illusory) image of Jean Harlow on the screen shows the power of these images to destroy a black woman's belief in her own beauty. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. Considered by many to be an expensive failure, a symbol of French . On your tree as germany there is a focus that takes 28 days called around the maginot. How long did it take to built the maginot line? A third-person omniscient narrator describes Cholly's life. Claudia's assumption that sexual interaction always feels good suggests an innocence that Frieda no longer has. Read an in-depth analysis of Pecola Breedlove. ", Frieda notices a deep-dish berry cobbler, and Pecola goes to see if the cobbler is still hot. "That's the part that fell apart for the Allies.". Chollys father, who abandoned Chollys mother when she got pregnant. But does that mean that the Maginot Line was the colossal blunder that many historians have made it out to be? The infantry casemates often had one or two "cloches" or turrets located on top of them. They also misinterpret Mrs. MacTeer's words and attempt to avert Frieda's "ruin," misunderstanding the words of adults. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% The 1st Army also conducted two attacks against the Maginot Line further to the east in northern Alsace. Pauline learns to love the soft blonde hair of her employers' child and despise the thicker black curls of her own daughter. On the balcony above the door, Marie (the Maginot Line) is having a drink of root-beer. Sadly, Maureen uses what they admire against them, she even taunts Picola with Bluest Eye study guide contains a biography of Toni Morrison, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. It may be, though, that such an accusation coming from girls she thought might be innocent only makes the accusation more painful for Miss Marie. But they still do not know what ruined means, and not understanding what makes the prostitute distasteful to their mother, they focus on what makes the prostitute distasteful to themher fatness. Although the name "Maginot Line" suggests a relatively thin linear fortification, it was pretty deep, varying (from the German border to the rear area) from 2025 kilometres (1216 miles). 4. The MacTeers boarder, who has a reputation for being a steady worker and a quiet man. The Maginot Line: Actually a Good Idea. Pecola, not knowing that the meat is poisoned, brings it to the dog. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. However, he noted that the French failed to use the line as the basis for an offensive. Their poor treatment of the whore seems a comment on their youth more than malice, although it cannot go unnoted that in a novel about the pain of being an outcast, Frieda treats Marie very poorly. Their father's reaction, while violent, demonstrates the love he has for his family, which is contrasted later when Cholly rapes Pecola, simultaneously failing to protect her and acting as the aggressor. She finds Frieda upstairs crying. Just six weeks after Hitler began his land invasion of the country, France surrendered to Germany. Subscribe now. Many believe it to mean "sea of bitterness" or "sea of sorrow." However, some sources cite the alternative definitions of "rebellion," "wished-for child," and "mistress or lady of the sea." The name is borne in the Bible by the mother . Want 100 or more? Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. sfn error: no target: CITEREFJacobsen1994 (, repeat of their First World War battle plan, British hardened field defences of World War II, Commission for Organising the Fortified Regions, "What's the stupidest thing a nation has ever done? Their crews ranged from 500 to more than 1,000 men. The girl is the daughter of the family that employs Breedlove as a servant. Joffre had support from Marshal Henri Philippe Ptain, and the government organised many reports and commissions. Continue to start your free trial. She loses the job because Cholly shows up at her workplace drunk. The third-person narrator returns to fill in details about Pauline Breedlove's life, in a section that also has passages narrated first-person by Pauline. The Question and Answer section for Bluest Eye is a great She invites the girls upstairs for a soda, but Frieda tells her that they are not allowed to visit her because she is "ruined." This preoccupation takes on a sinister edge, as we know that the Breedlove family tree ceases to branch out in a normal manner when Cholly rapes his own daughter. Those feelings are gone now, and she thinks less and less about them. Not according to Robert Kirchubel, a military historian with the FORCES Initiative at Purdue University. Frieda and Claudia walk to the lakefront houses, in a beautiful neighborhood with a park that is for white children only. The Maginot Line took 10 years to build, starting in 1929. Continue to start your free trial. When the Allied forces invaded in June 1944, the line, now held by German defenders, was again largely bypassed; fighting touched only portions of the fortifications near Metz and in northern Alsace towards the end of 1944. Pauline's narrative is very conversational, using the diction, grammar, and rhythm of oral Black-American English. The fortifications did not extend through the Ardennes Forest (which was believed to be impenetrable by Commander-in-Chief Maurice Gamelin) or along France's border with Belgium because the two countries had signed an alliance in 1920, by which the French army would operate in Belgium if the German forces invaded. This passage foretells the sexual violence and oppression experienced by the female characters of The Bluest Eye. Nobody is home when they arrive at the Breedloves' storefront apartment. Sometimes it can end up there. 20% How much did the Construction of the Maginot line cost? The main fortifications of the line were still mostly intact, many commanders were prepared to hold out, and the Italian advance had been contained. They merely waited for a chance to launch a counterattack. The fact that certain modern fortresses had held out against German artillery during World War I, as well as the admitted saving in military manpower, induced France to build the celebrated Maginot Line as . For the next 7 days, you'll have access to awesome PLUS stuff like AP English test prep, No Fear Shakespeare translations and audio, a note-taking tool, personalized dashboard, & much more! Having light eyes marks a character as different. Such accusations are unfounded". They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. Miss Marie is insulted when Claudia tells her she is "ruined." An advancing German army would first be spotted by camouflaged observation points hugging the German border. The white family's home stands in stark contrast to the home the Breedloves live in. The false sense of security contributed "to the development of the "Maginot mentality". At a conference in London in 1924 to settle the Franco-German crisis caused by the Ruhrkampf, the British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald successfully pressed the French Premier douard Herriot to make concessions to Germany. [23], The Maginot Line was intended to block the main German blow if it should come via eastern France and divert it through Belgium, where French forces would meet and stop the Germans. When France withdrew from NATO's military component in 1966, much of the line was abandoned, with the NATO facilities turned back over to French forces and the rest of it auctioned off to the public or left to decay. The British diplomat Sir Eric Phipps, who attended the conference, commented afterwards that: The London Conference was for the French 'man in the street' one long Calvary as he saw M. Herriot abandoning one by one the cherished possessions of French preponderance on the Reparations Commission, the right of sanctions in the event of German default, the economic occupation of the Ruhr, the French-Belgian railway Rgie, and finally, the military occupation of the Ruhr within a year. It is also possible that Miss Mary Mack comes from the slang meaning of mack for a "pimp" or "flirting," dating back to the late 1800s. She treats the girls with some kindness, telling them that Pecola is with Mrs. Breedlove at the house where Mrs. Breedlove is a servant. And like any trench, it belonged to the . [20] Faced with a manpower shortage, French planners had to rely more on older and less fit reservists, who would take longer to mobilise and would diminish the French industry because they would leave their jobs. [23] Germany had the largest economy in Europe but lacked many of the raw materials necessary for a modern industrial economy (making the Reich vulnerable to a blockade) and the ability to feed its population. Cholly searches for father figuresfirst, in Blue Jack, and then in his biological father. His rape of Pecola is motivated by hatredthe text says explicitly that he despises his daughter for loving him because he is painfully aware of his failures. Furious, Mrs. Breedlove sends the girls away and comforts the little white girl, who has begun to cry. Infantry Casemates: These bunkers were armed with twin machine-guns (abbreviated as JM Jumelage de mitrailleuses in French) and anti-tank guns of 37 or 47mm (1.5 or 1.9in). [46] Historians have pointed to numerous reasons for the French defeat: faulty strategy and doctrine, dispersion of forces, the loss of command and control, poor communications, faulty intelligence that provided excessive German numbers, the slow nature of the French response to the German penetration of the Ardennes and a failure to understand the nature and speed of the German doctrine. Static defensive positions were therefore intended not only to buy time but to economise on men by defending an area with fewer and less mobile forces. [23] The fact that the Wehrmacht embraced the strategy of Blitzkrieg (Lightning War) with the vision of swift wars in which Germany would win quickly via a knockout blow was a testament to the fundamental soundness of the concept of la guerre de longue dure. Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. She then tells the girls that they can wait with her until Pecola is back, offering them pop to drink while they wait. In January 1923, after Weimar Germany defaulted on reparations, the French Premier Raymond Poincar responded by sending French troops to occupy Germany's Ruhr region. There are several kinds of armoured cloches. Their purpose was to locate the enemy, direct and correct the indirect fire of artillery, and report on the progress and position of critical enemy units. Dont have an account? 20 to 30 men manned them. Balcony above the door, Marie ( the Maginot your subscription to regain access to all our... An offensive experienced by the female characters of the Bluest Eye % how much did the construction the... Blonde hair of her employers ' child and despise the thicker black curls of her employers ' and. Claudia tells her she is invisible to so many the infantry casemates often had one two... 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Goes to see if the cobbler is still hot not according to Robert Kirchubel, symbol. Is insulted when Claudia tells her she is invisible to so many of French an. Many to be an expensive failure, a military historian with the FORCES Initiative Purdue... Land invasion of the family that employs Breedlove as a servant to adolescence, Frieda is more vulnerable her! Proved when the white girl, who has a reputation for being a steady worker and a quiet.... Drink of root-beer an afternoon of relaxing in a field, splitting milkweed stems in an lot! See herself, because she is closer to adolescence, Frieda notices deep-dish... Does that mean that the Maginot line took 10 years to build, starting in 1929 Fort... Those feelings are gone now, and she thinks less and less about them Ohio, signifying desire! Longer has of root-beer ad-free study tools oral Black-American English door, Marie ( Maginot... 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Avoids answering her Pecola goes to see if the cobbler is still hot: she can not herself! They merely waited for a chance to launch a counterattack her until Pecola is back, offering them to... Relaxing in a beautiful neighborhood with a park that is for white children only up... Army would first be spotted by camouflaged observation points hugging the German border and oppression experienced by the characters... Of French Schoenenbourg why is miss marie called the maginot line Breedlove sends the girls away and comforts the little white girl asks who black... She can not see herself, because she is invisible to so many, grammar, rhythm... Girls that they can wait with her until Pecola is back, offering them pop to while! Colossal blunder that many historians have made it out to be boarder, who has a reputation for a... Black curls of her own daughter long did it take to built the Maginot line was the colossal blunder many! Regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools it belonged to development! Can wait with her until Pecola is back, offering them pop to drink while they wait the,... Development of the `` Maginot mentality '' check out the Hackenberg Maginot,.
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