), .ru; note - Russia also has responsibility for a legacy domain ".su" that was allocated to the Soviet Union and is being phased out, all broadcast media are owned by, or affiliated with, the Communist Party of China or a government agency; no privately owned TV or radio stations; state-run Chinese Central TV, provincial, and municipal stations offer more than 2,000 channels; the Central Propaganda Department sends directives to all domestic media outlets to guide its reporting with the government maintaining authority to approve all programming; foreign-made TV programs must be approved prior to broadcast; increasingly, Chinese turn to online and satellite television to access Chinese and international films and television shows (2019), 13 national TV stations with the federal government owning 1 and holding a controlling interest in a second; state-owned Gazprom maintains a controlling interest in 2 of the national channels; government-affiliated Bank Rossiya owns controlling interest in a fourth and fifth, while a sixth national channel is owned by the Moscow city administration; the Russian Orthodox Church and the Russian military, respectively, own 2 additional national channels; roughly 3,300 national, regional, and local TV stations with over two-thirds completely or partially controlled by the federal or local governments; satellite TV services are available; 2 state-run national radio networks with a third majority-owned by Gazprom; roughly 2,400 public and commercial radio stations, 102,000 km (including 48,000 km with guaranteed depth; the 72,000-km system in European Russia links Baltic Sea, White Sea, Caspian Sea, Sea of Azov, and Black Sea) (2009), 76000 km gas, 30400 km crude oil, 27700 km refined petroleum products, 797000 km water (2018), 177700 km gas, 54800 km oil, 19300 km refined products (2016), Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, People's Liberation Army (PLA): Ground Forces, Navy (PLAN, includes marines and naval aviation), Air Force (PLAAF, includes airborne forces), Rocket Force (strategic missile force), and Strategic Support Force (information warfare, cyber, space forces); People's Armed Police (PAP, includes Coast Guard, Border Defense Force, Internal Security Forces); PLA Reserve Force (2021), Armed Forces of the Russian Federation: Ground Troops (Sukhoputnyye Voyskia, SV), Navy (Voyenno-Morskoy Flot, VMF), Aerospace Forces (Vozdushno-Kosmicheskiye Sily, VKS); Airborne Troops (Vozdushno-Desantnyye Voyska, VDV), and Missile Troops of Strategic Purpose (Raketnyye Voyska Strategicheskogo Naznacheniya, RVSN) referred to commonly as Strategic Rocket Forces, are independent "combat arms," not subordinate to any of the three branches, 18-22 years of age for selective compulsory military service, with a 2-year service obligation; no minimum age for voluntary service (all officers are volunteers); 18-19 years of age for women high school graduates who meet requirements for specific military jobs (2019), 18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service; males are registered for the draft at 17 years of age; one-year service obligation (Russia offers the option of serving on a two-year contract instead of completing a one-year conscription period); reserve obligation for non-officers to age 50; enrollment in military schools from the age of 16, cadets classified as members of the armed forces (2019), Military and security service personnel strengths, information varies; approximately 2 million total active duty troops (est. The communists under Vladimir LENIN seized power soon after and formed the USSR. ), 68% of total installed capacity (2016 est. Maldives and Malta are the 4th and 5th most densely populated countries, with 1,719 and 1,514 people per square kilometer. Deterioration in the environment - notably air pollution, soil erosion, and the steady fall of the water table, especially in the North - is another long-term problem. ), Han Chinese 91.6%, Zhuang 1.3%, other (includes Hui, Manchu, Uighur, Miao, Yi, Tujia, Tibetan, Mongol, Dong, Buyei, Yao, Bai, Korean, Hani, Li, Kazakh, Dai, and other nationalities) 7.1% (2010 est. Still, China's per capita income is below the world average. WebChina Russia; Population: 1,397,897,720 (July 2021 est.) Reforms began with the phaseout of collectivized agriculture, and expanded to include the gradual liberalization of prices, fiscal decentralization, increased autonomy for state enterprises, growth of the private sector, development of stock markets and a modern banking system, and opening to foreign trade and investment. According to the World Bank, the Earths population density is 59.62 people per square kilometers (2018). WebRussia is approximately 17,098,242 sq km, while China is approximately 9,596,960 sq km, making China 56.13% the size of Russia. Chinas population is approximately four times the US population, despite the US having a slightly larger total surface area. The economy, which had averaged 7% growth during the 1998-2008 period as oil prices rose rapidly, has seen diminishing growth rates since then due to the exhaustion of Russia's commodity-based growth model. It has eight federal districts, which are divided into federal subjects. The countrys population, representing 2.13% of the global population, is almost half the US population. In the end of 1980s, they were the leading power when it comes to total number of warheads stored. China's per capita GDP approaches Russia's; its population is eight times Russia's, and its growth rate three times. Monaco, a city-state bordered by France, is the worlds most densely populated sovereign state with 19,196 people per square kilometer. India will surpass China as the worlds most populous country, with 1.1 billion people, despite an overall decline in population growth. By 2050, Russia will be 15th and by 2100 22nd with 126 million people. ), Han Chinese 91.6%, Zhuang 1.3%, other (includes Hui, Manchu, Uighur, Miao, Yi, Tujia, Tibetan, Mongol, Dong, Buyei, Yao, Bai, Korean, Hani, Li, Kazakh, Dai, and other nationalities) 7.1% (2010 est. However, since late 2015 the Chinese Government has strengthened capital controls and oversight of overseas investments to better manage the exchange rate and maintain financial stability. However, China has made more progress on subsidizing innovation than rebalancing the economy. China's historical civilization dates from at least 1200 B.C. ), 29 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est. Population: 145,558,000; Surface Area: 17,098,250 km2; Currency: Russian Rubles (1 EUR=78.6818 RUB) Religion: Mostly Christianity ; Belongs to: ACD, BRICS, CIS, CoE, CTSO, EAEU, G20, G8, IMF, UN, OSCE, SCO The Soviet economy and society stagnated in the decades following Stalin's rule, until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to modernize communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by December 1991led to the dissolution ofthe USSR into Russia and 14 other independent states. ), .ru; note - Russia also has responsibility for a legacy domain ".su" that was allocated to the Soviet Union and is being phased out, 13 national TV stations with the federal government owning 1 and holding a controlling interest in a second; state-owned Gazprom maintains a controlling interest in 2 of the national channels; government-affiliated Bank Rossiya owns controlling interest in a fourth and fifth, while a sixth national channel is owned by the Moscow city administration; the Russian Orthodox Church and the Russian military, respectively, own 2 additional national channels; roughly 3,300 national, regional, and local TV stations with over two-thirds completely or partially controlled by the federal or local governments; satellite TV services are available; 2 state-run national radio networks with a third majority-owned by Gazprom; roughly 2,400 public and commercial radio stations, all broadcast media are owned by, or affiliated with, the Communist Party of China or a government agency; no privately owned TV or radio stations; state-run Chinese Central TV, provincial, and municipal stations offer more than 2,000 channels; the Central Propaganda Department sends directives to all domestic media outlets to guide its reporting with the government maintaining authority to approve all programming; foreign-made TV programs must be approved prior to broadcast; increasingly, Chinese turn to online and satellite television to access Chinese and international films and television shows (2019), 102,000 km (including 48,000 km with guaranteed depth; the 72,000-km system in European Russia links Baltic Sea, White Sea, Caspian Sea, Sea of Azov, and Black Sea) (2009), 177700 km gas, 54800 km oil, 19300 km refined products (2016), 76000 km gas, 30400 km crude oil, 27700 km refined petroleum products, 797000 km water (2018), Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Armed Forces of the Russian Federation: Ground Troops (Sukhoputnyye Voyskia, SV), Navy (Voyenno-Morskoy Flot, VMF), Aerospace Forces (Vozdushno-Kosmicheskiye Sily, VKS); Airborne Troops (Vozdushno-Desantnyye Voyska, VDV), and Missile Troops of Strategic Purpose (Raketnyye Voyska Strategicheskogo Naznacheniya, RVSN) referred to commonly as Strategic Rocket Forces, are independent "combat arms," not subordinate to any of the three branches, People's Liberation Army (PLA): Ground Forces, Navy (PLAN, includes marines and naval aviation), Air Force (PLAAF, includes airborne forces), Rocket Force (strategic missile force), and Strategic Support Force (information warfare, cyber, space forces); People's Armed Police (PAP, includes Coast Guard, Border Defense Force, Internal Security Forces); PLA Reserve Force (2021), 18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service; males are registered for the draft at 17 years of age; one-year service obligation (Russia offers the option of serving on a two-year contract instead of completing a one-year conscription period); reserve obligation for non-officers to age 50; enrollment in military schools from the age of 16, cadets classified as members of the armed forces (2019), 18-22 years of age for selective compulsory military service, with a 2-year service obligation; no minimum age for voluntary service (all officers are volunteers); 18-19 years of age for women high school graduates who meet requirements for specific military jobs (2019), Military and security service personnel strengths, information varies; approximately 800,000 total active duty troops (350,000 Ground Troops, including about 40,000 Airborne Troops; 150,000 Navy; 150,000 Aerospace Forces; 60,000 Strategic Rocket Forces; 90,000 other uniformed personnel (special operations forces, command and control, support, etc. ), Russian 77.7%, Tatar 3.7%, Ukrainian 1.4%, Bashkir 1.1%, Chuvash 1%, Chechen 1%, other 10.2%, unspecified 3.9% (2010 est. ), folk religion 21.9%, Buddhist 18.3%, Christian 5.2%, Muslim 2%, Hindu < 0.1%, Jewish < 0.1%, other 0.7% (includes Daoist (Taoist)), unaffiliated 51.8% (2020 est. 142,320,790 (July 2021 est.) In 2019, China overtook the US as the home to the highest number of rich people in the world, according to the global wealth report by Credit Suisse. Russia is one of the world's leading producers of oil and natural gas, and is also a top exporter of metals such as steel and primary aluminum. From mid-2005 to late 2008, the renminbi (RMB) appreciated more than 20% against the US dollar, but the exchange rate remained virtually pegged to the dollar from the onset of the global financial crisis until June 2010, when Beijing announced it would resume a gradual appreciation. Worlds five most populous countries are China, India, the US, Indonesia, and Pakistan, with a combined population of 3.6 billion. WebThe smaller entities are compared with Washington, DC (178 sq km, 69 sq mi) or The Mall in Washington, DC (0.59 sq km, 0.23 sq mi, 146 acres). Mexicos population is almost one-third of the US population despite the two countries sharing a land border. Asia-Pacific region had a population of about 4.3 billion or 60% of the worlds population in 2013. Some information is indicative and estimated because of lack of official or up-to-date data. Russian Federation, the worlds largest country by area, is the 9th populous country with 144.4 million people, or 1.9% of the global population. However, China has made more progress on subsidizing innovation than rebalancing the economy. In the early 17th century, a new ROMANOV Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific. ), Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry); note - Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uygur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet), School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education), 12.593 million MOSCOW (capital), 5.504 million Saint Petersburg, 1.676 million Novosibirsk, 1.513 million Yekaterinburg, 1.280 million Kazan, 1.255 million Nizhniy Novgorod (2021), 27.796 million Shanghai, 20.897 million BEIJING (capital), 16.382 million Chongqing, 13.794 million Tianjin, 13.635 million Guangzhou, 12.592 million Shenzhen (2021), 17 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est. Bahrain is the most densely populated country that is not a city-state, with 2,017 people per square kilometers. The Russian Federation's military is equipped with domestically-produced weapons systems. In July 2005 moved to an exchange rate system that references a basket of currencies. Since the late 1970s, China has moved from a closed, centrally planned system to a more market-oriented one that plays a major global role. Brazils population is approximately 211 million (2.76%), while Nigeria has about 201 million people (2.63%). It covers 1.6 million square kilometers and has a population of about 3.3 million people. For much of the population, living standards have improved dramatically but political controls remain tight. Suriname is inhabited by about 542,000 people and covers 163,821 square kilometers, with forest accounting for 80% of the total land area. The main factor contributing to the countrys population growth is immigration from Africa, Europe, and other parts of the world. When it comes to the number of deployed warheads, the amount is the same as in case of Americans, namely 1600 deployed warheads. The capital of China is Beijing. and for the next two millennia, China alternated between periods of unity and disunity under a succession of imperial dynasties. China is four times denser than the US as China's population density is 153 people per square km compared to 36 of ), 11% of total installed capacity (2017 est. Namibia and Australia are the second-most sparsely populated countries, with 3 people per square kilometer. Russia is the leading member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization. Besides fertility levels, early motherhood will also contribute to the population rise. ), Russian Orthodox 15-20%, Muslim 10-15%, other Christian 2% (2006 est. ); est. The number of inhabitants is 1,444,390,177. Central Europe and Baltic is probably the only region globally that has consistently recorded a decline in population over the last three decades. Source: World Bank. Web7% more than NATO countries average. ), Russian 77.7%, Tatar 3.7%, Ukrainian 1.4%, Bashkir 1.1%, Chuvash 1%, Chechen 1%, other 10.2%, unspecified 3.9% (2010 est. After 1978, MAO's successor DENG Xiaoping and other leaders focused on market-oriented economic development and by 2000 output had quadrupled. Copyright 2019 ArmedForces.eu. Russia is heavily dependent on the movement of world commodity prices as reliance on commodity exports makes it vulnerable to boom and bust cycles that follow the volatile swings in global prices. The Chinese Government faces numerous economic challenges including: (a) reducing its high domestic savings rate and correspondingly low domestic household consumption; (b) managing its high corporate debt burden to maintain financial stability; (c) controlling off-balance sheet local government debt used to finance infrastructure stimulus; (d) facilitating higher-wage job opportunities for the aspiring middle class, including rural migrants and college graduates, while maintaining competitiveness; (e) dampening speculative investment in the real estate sector without sharply slowing the economy; (f) reducing industrial overcapacity; and (g) raising productivity growth rates through the more efficient allocation of capital and state-support for innovation. Devastating defeatsand food shortagesin World War I led to widespread rioting in the major cities of the Russian Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of the ROMANOV Dynasty. 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